I think I understand what you're asking. . .now let's see if I can explain in clear enough for you to understand
Whenever you add a Layer Mask to an image layer, a little white icon appears in the Layers Palette beside that layer. After a Layer Mask has been added to a layer, you can work (i.e. affect the pixels of) on either the layer itself or the Layer Mask. You can easily tell whether the Layer or the Layer Mask is currently in the "active" state, by looking at their respective icons in the Layers Palette. The "active" element will have a white outline around it's icon in the Layers Palette.
When a Layer Mask is active, you are able to do just about anything that you could do on the regular layer. If you paint on the layer mask using the Brush tool with Black as your foreground color, the result is that it will "hide" the corresponding pixels of the layer to which the mask is connected with. When you paint on a layer mask using the Brush tool with White as your foreground color, the result is that it will "show" the corresponding pixels of the layer to which the mask is connected with, but only if those pixels were already hidden. If you paint with White on a White ("Show All") Layer Mask, nothing happens because you are trying to make something transparent that is already transparent.
(Hint: Make a mental picture that the Layer Mask is sitting directly on top of the Layer. When you add a "Show All" Layer Mask, it is transparent. When you add a "Hide All" Layer Mask, it is opaque. Painting with Black makes the mask more opaque; painting with White makes the mask more transparent.)
As you add brushstrokes to a Layer Mask, its icon in the Layers Palette will show what you have done. Once you have added brushstrokes to the Layer Mask, you can then use a Filter on the Layer Mask to enhance the effect.
Hope this helps!
Dubya